Albert

Chechen (Nokhchiin, Nokchiin muott) [CJC]

The population of Chechnya: 1,200,000 (1994).

Capital of Chechnya: Djovkhar Ghaala (Chechen name) or Grozny (Groznii; Russian name).

80% live in rural areas. Also in Kyrghyzstan, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Jordan, Syria, USA, and scattered speakers in Uzbekistan and Germany.

Chechen Language: 944,600 speakers out of an ethnic population of 956,879 (1989 census);
8,000 in Turkey (1996); 3,000 in Jordan (1993); 1,000,000 in all countries; 97% speak it as mother tongue.

Dialects: Ploskost, Itumkala (Shatoi), Melkhin, Kistin, Cheberloi, Akkin (AUX).

The largest North Caucasian language. It has literary status. Used in schools, radio, newspapers, other publishing. Melkhi is the transitional dialect to Ingush. Chechen is at least partially intelligible with Ingush--more so with contact. Most speakers are quite fluent in Russian.

Latin alphabet is used.
They call themselves "Nakhchuo" (sg.) or "Nokhchi" (pl.).
There are many Russians, Ingush, Ossetins, and other peoples living among them.

Typology: Ergative case system; many consonants and vowels; extensive inflectional morphology, many nominal cases, several gender classes; complex sentences by chaining participial clauses; verbs have gender agreement with the direct object or intransitive subject, but no person agreement.

Source: University of California at Berkeley
By Johanna Nichols

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